Russian "New model" Foot colors in Smolensk war 1632-34



1st color: Wilson's regimental color, 1632

2 nd color: Wilson's company's color, 1632

3 & 4 colors: colors of Vovzyn's regiment, 1679

Source: Zeughause # 15, illustrations by V. Perederiy

for A. Malov's article



Russian “new model” foot regiments received in 1632-34 one white regimental colour (carried by the 1st/colonel’s company) and 7 colored for the remaining companies. Regimental colors were white with black state double-headed eagle with 3 gold crowns. Company colors were of regimental color with diagonal cross (flat, not Burgundian). Regimental colors are known for 7 foot regiments & independent company:

·        Pentzer/ van Damm Foot: red with yellow cross

·        Sanderson Foot: blue with white

·        Rosform Foot: yellow with white

·        Keith (or Kyte?) Foot: crimson with white

·        Wilson Foot: white with blue/white/blue cross (see image)

·        Craufort Foot: red with white, decorated with stars,bur, etc. of different colors

·        Kynemont Foot: blue with white

·        Farbes Company: white with blue cross

Also known 4 sets of colors, but regiments are unknown:

·        white with yellow cross,

·        yellow with black cross (5 such colors survived, Unzen Foot?)

·        green with white (?) cross

·        blue with white (?) cross

Colors size was 1,86 m x 2,1-2,2 m

Swedish army in Germany 1631-32

Below are:
- list of the Swedish troops with strength at the battle of Leipzig & in garrisons (7 Sept, 1631)
- list of the Swedish troops vs Tilly in Donauwert & Augsburg (April 1632)

Dolgorukiy's report about battle of Werki, Nov 1658

Besides the Shakhowskoy’s reports the only Russian published document about Werki campaign is Dolgorukiy’s report dated mid-November 1658. It describes September-November events. Unfortunately there are no details about the battle of Werki, only general words that “it happened”. Below is a short summary in English & full text in Russian. Source: Акты Московского государства. Т. 2.

“On Sept 29 Dolgorukiy got news that Semen Brynk Dragoons (1,200 settled dragoons from Skopin & Romanov) with train were surrounded & attacked by Sapieha in 25 miles from Wilno. Brynk entrenched in fortified camp & repulsed all attacks (attacks continued at least 6 days, from 29 of Sept till 4 of Oct). Then Sapieha came to Wilno & took positions in 10 miles from Wilno.

On Oct 10 Lithuanian captive told that Sapieha & Gonsiewski planned joint attack on Dolgorukiy’s forces. Dolgorukiy decided to attack them first in the morning Oct 11. He left a part of Osip Sukin’s Corps to cover camp & Wilno. His back was covered from Sapieha by Volynskiy’s Corps…

When Sapieha got news about Gonsiewski defeat he retreated to Nowogrodok…

On Oct 19 Russian envoys with Odoevskiy left Wilno to Moscow. They were escorted by v. Strobel reitar regiment (evidently participated in the battle)…

Roads from Wilno to Smolensk & Polotck were cut off by Cossacks under Nechai & Murashko…

After the battle Dolgorukiy marched to Shklov through Borisov. In Wilno he left in addition to garrison regiments Y. Urvin Foot (1,500; regiment was reinforced to the full strength from other Dolgorukiy’s regiments). In garrison of Borisov he left T. Belie (481 men), voevoda/governor – Fedor Narbekov.

Lithuanian captives told that Gonsiewski had 8 choragwies of hussars (50-40-30 men), 12 coys of reitars (160-100 men), 7 choragwies f pancerni Cossacks (200-170-100 men), Gonsiewski’s pancerni choragwie (200), 12 coys of dragoons (180-160-100 men). In his camp he left 10 coys of German foot, 2 choragwies of Hungarian foot, a coy of dragoons, 8 cannons”.

Отписка Виленского воеводы князя Юрия Долгорукого о битве при Верках, 11/22 октября 1658

Materials about Russian troops in Wilno in May-July 1658 (before the battle of Werki)

There is no any Russian BO for the battle of Werki. Below there is a set of reports from voevoda (governor) of Wilno kniaz Mikhail Shakhowskoy to the Tzar in May-July 1658. It gives some info about Dolgorukiy’s troops. Short summary is in English, full version – in Russian. Source: Акты исторические, собранные и изданные Археографическою комиссиею. Т. 4. СПб, 1842

# 120. Report dated May 8, 1658: Shakhowskoy had 871 men in 3 foot regiments of Wilno garrison: W. Kunningham – 236, F. Felder – 318, Y. Angler – 317.

# 125. Report dated June 1758: From 2 012 recruits sent to Wilno arrived in June 1 792. They were distributed into 4 foot regiments of Y. Dolgorukiy Corps: Y. Kyte, K. Yander, T. Belye, A. Gohward (448 in each). 856 of them didn’t have bandoleers.

# 128 Report dated July 15, 1658: Two prikazes (regiment) of Moscow Streltzy (S. Kokovkin & I. Endourov) from Y. Dolgorukiy Corps asked Shakhowskoy for supplies from Wilno warehouse. They totaled 927 men.

# 149 Report dated July 16, 1658: Two regiments from Y. Dolgorukiy Corps were reinforced to full strength of 1,000 men from Wilno garrison: T. Daleil – 100, T. Craufort – 37. On July 16, 1658 Wilno garrison numbered 521 men (both active & ill) in 3 regiments: W. Kunningham – 180, F. Felder – 169, Y. Angler – 172.

# 150 Report dated July 1658: 5 foot regiments of Y. Dolgorukiy Corps numbered 4 656 men (incl. recruits & reinforces from Wilno garrison regiments)

Документы по виленскому гарнизону и полкам Ю. Долгорукова накануне битвы при Верках (май-июль 1658)

№ 120. 1658 Мая 8 и июня 13. Отписки Царю Виленского воеводы князя Шаховского, о получении и раздаче полковым начальникам и солдатам жалованья.

I.— Государю Царю и Великому Князю Алексею Михайловичу, всеа Велкия и Малыя и Белыя России. Самодержцу, холоп твой Миш­ка Шаховской челом бьет.. В нынешнем, Государь, во 166 году Мая в 8 день прислана ко мне, холопу твоему, твоя Великого Го­сударя грамота; а по

Lists of Swedish troops in Germany in April (Frankfurt) & May (Magdeburg) 1631

I continue to place in the blog lists of the Swedish troops in Germany in 1631-32

Swedish forces in 1631

Below are List of the Swedish forces & Expeditional forces in Germany in 1631

Polish rajtaria 1702-03

General, gemein & standard-bearer of Polish Rajtaria 1702-03.

Source: Gembarzewski Bronislaw, Zolnierz polski. Ubior, uzbrojenie i oporzadzenie. T. 2 od r. 1697 do r. 1794.

The author mention that it is based on the original drawing Nr 23358 from Muzeum Narodowej in Warszawa.

The reitars looks like Saxons, but they don't have Saxon colors (black-yellow) in the arms on the standard.