Bengt Nilsson mentions about Cronhjort’s
campaign on Russian-Swedish border in Dec. 1700-Jan. 1701 in his fine article (click).
I find some additional materials about them, incl. description of the siege of
Saari. All dates in my post are in new style (+10 days to the dates in
Nilsson’s one)
Swedish army of Ingermanland, Feb-March 1701 Состав и численность шведской армии Крониорта, фев-март 1701 (Karl XII pa slagfaltet... S. 361-362) |
Cronhjort’s
army was about 5,100 men in February-March of 1701, incl. 2,700 of cavalry
& 2,400 of foot troops with 8 cannons. Nilsson mentions that Cronhjort had
4,600 men in his campaign in January. Evidently he left some infantry (ab. 500)
in garrisons of Nien & Noteburg.
In
the beginning of January of 1701 Cronhjort crossed the frontier river Lawa
& occupied some Russian villages including Saari. It was a small village of
6 farmsteads & a small estate of local gentry. His main task was getting
contributions & supplies. And after some days Swedes decided to turn back.
Meanwhile Russians sent a detachment
under kniaz Putiatyn to protect the border villages. It consisted of 1,500 of
Novgorod mounted feudal levy & 400 Streltzy. They came to Saari some days
after Swedes left it. Putiatyn took positions in the estate of Saari & sent
raiding parties to the Swedish territory.
When Cronhjort got news about Russian
troops on 27 January 1701, he decided to turn back to Saari. Swedes approached
it on next days (28 Jan 1701). Russian waited them in the field. After a short
resistance Russian cavalry fled to Ladoga with a loss of about 20 men, while
Streltzy retreated to the estate & fortified there.
Swedes made an assault on the estate
but were repealed. Small field pieces were useless against thick wooden walls.
All attempts to set fire to them were without results. Russian sources
mentioned 12 skirmishes & assaults on Saari with the total loss of about
200 men from Swedish side. Cronhjort wrote about at least 3 unsuccessful
assaults: on 28 January, on 31 January & on 2 February. The last resulted
in the loss of 81 Swedes killed & wounded.
Cronhjort
asked for mortars & they arrived on 5 February, but the same day Streltzy
escaped from Saari & undiscovered retreated to Ladoga. Swedes stayed
several days at Saari & then returned back.
Бои на реке Лавуе и осада Шум (Саари), январь 1701 г.
В своей статье Б. Нильссон упомянул оборону деревни Шум
(Сара или Саари) в январе 1701 и дал шведскую версию
событий (см подробнее). В русских источниках также сохранились упоминания об этих боях, причем
в распросных речах сумского стрельца Ануфрия Кашкина (см документ ниже)
приведены довольно красочные подробности тех событий. Все даты в моем тексте
даны по новому стилю.